Monday, June 30, marks the final day for the voluntary return of registered Afghan refugees from Pakistan, after which those remaining in the country risk arrest and forced deportation.
The measure targets approximately 1.4 million Afghan nationals, including those holding Proof of Registration (PoR) cards issued by the United Nations. Beginning Tuesday, the Pakistani government is expected to launch the third phase of its nationwide campaign to expel Afghan refugees — a policy that has drawn mounting criticism from rights groups and refugee advocates.
Afghan migrants living in Pakistan describe the situation as increasingly dire.
“This deadline is ending while refugees in Pakistan have no alternative,” said Zohal Rad, a member of a migrant rights advocacy group. “They are enduring incredibly difficult days.”
Many migrants say they fear returning to Afghanistan due to the country’s persistent economic and security instability. “Afghans have built livelihoods here over decades,” said Malik Shinwari, an Afghan resident in Pakistan. “You can’t dismantle 45 years of work in six months. These refugees deserve time to settle their affairs before being forced to leave.”
Pakistani officials have defended the deportation drive as a matter of national security, but international human rights organizations warn that mass expulsions could create a humanitarian crisis.
“Forced return could endanger lives,” said Forozan Azimi, a member of the Human Rights Activists Alliance. “Former security personnel, in particular, face threats of violence or detention upon their return.”
More than one million Afghans have already been expelled from Pakistan since the policy was first implemented nearly two years ago. The operation has unfolded in phases, with deportations accelerating in recent months.
While Taliban have repeatedly claimed they are prepared to receive and assist returnees, economic analysts and independent observers continue to express concerns over Afghanistan’s capacity to absorb such large numbers. They warn that the influx could further strain an already fragile economy and public services.
